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Tina Malti is a German-Palestinian developmental and clinical psychologist. She is an associate professor of psychology at the University of Toronto and a licensed clinical psychologist. She is known for her research on the affective bases of aggression and prosocial behavior in children and adolescents, as well as the development and testing of socio-emotional interventions for reducing problem behaviors and promoting mental health in such populations. Malti is an Associate Editor of (Child Development ) and serves as the Membership Secretary of the (International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development ). == Research == Malti has conducted extensive research on socio-emotional development, the origins of aggression and social exclusion, and prosocial orientations from early childhood to late adolescence.〔Malti, T., Killen, M., & Gasser, L. (2012). Social judgments and emotion attributions about exclusion in Switzerland. ''Child Development, 83'', 697-711. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01705.x 〕 〔Malti, T., & Krettenauer, T. (2013). The relation of moral emotion attributions to prosocial and antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis. ''Child Development, 84''(2), 397-412. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01851.x〕 〔Malti, T., Averdijk, M., Ribeaud, D., Rotenberg, K., & Eisner, M. P. (2013). “Do you trust him?” Children’s trust beliefs and developmental trajectories of aggressive behavior in an ethnically diverse sample. ''Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 41''(3), 445-456. doi:10.1007/s10802-012-9687-7〕 〔Malti, T., Strohmeier, D., & Killen, M. (2015). The impact of on-looking and including bystander behavior on judgments and emotions regarding peer exclusion. ''British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 33'', 295-311. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12090〕 〔Ongley, S. F., & Malti, T. (2014). The role of moral emotions in the development of children’s sharing behavior. ''Developmental Psychology, 50''(4), 1148-1159. doi:10.1037/a0035191〕 〔Malti, T., Dys, S. P., & Zuffianò, A. (2015). The moral foundations of prosocial behaviour. In R.E. Tremblay, M. Boivin, & R. D. Peters (Eds.), ''Encyclopedia on early childhood development'' (). Montreal, Quebec: Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development and Strategic Knowledge Cluster on Early Child Development.〕 She adopts a clinical-developmental framework to reach a better understanding of why children and adolescents engage in behaviors that are harmful or beneficial to others, with a special emphasis on the role of emotional processes in aggression and prosocial behaviors, and how to effectively intervene aggression. The work of Malti and her colleagues has underscored the other-oriented emotion of sympathy as an important, socio-emotional factor in the development of aggression and prosocial orientations, including simple forms of observed altruistic behavior.〔Malti, T., Gummerum, M., Keller, M., Chaparro, M. P., & Buchmann, M. (2012). Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children. ''PLoS ONE, 7''(12), e52017. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052017〕 Despite strong evidence for sympathy’s role in encouraging children and adolescents to reduce suffering in others, Malti challenged the view that sympathy is a necessary emotional antecedent of prosocial and antisocial behaviors. In the absence of other-oriented sympathy, she showed that self-oriented emotional responses, such as guilt over wrongdoing, motivate children to engage in prosocial behavior〔Malti, T., Gummerum, M., Keller, M., & Buchmann, M. (2009). Children’s moral motivation, sympathy, and prosocial behavior. ''Child Development, 80'', 442-460. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01271.x〕 and impede their aggression〔Malti, T., Gasser, L., & Buchmann, M. (2009). Aggressive and prosocial children’s emotion attributions and moral reasoning. ''Aggressive Behavior, 35''(1), 90-102. doi:10.1002/ab.20289〕 by encouraging them to behave in accordance with internal norms of fairness, integrity, and benevolence. Malti continues to study the roles of other-oriented and self-evaluative emotions in contexts of peer conflict and their associations with aggression and prosocial behaviors.〔Malti, T., Zuffianò, A., Cui, L., Colasante, T., Peplak, J., & Bae, N. Y. (in press). Healthy social-emotional development and peer exclusion. In C. Spiel, N. J. Cabrera, & B. Leyendecker, (Eds.), ''Handbook of positive development of minority children.'' Netherlands: Springer.〕 〔Killen, M., & Malti, T. (2015). Moral judgments and emotions in contexts of peer exclusion and victimization. ''Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 48'', 249-276. doi:10.1016/bs.acdb.2014.11.007〕 〔Zuffianò, A., Colasante, T., Peplak, J., & Malti, T. (2015). Sharing without caring? Respect for moral others compensates for low sympathy in children’s sharing. ''British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 33''(2), 252-258. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12084〕 For example, she and her team demonstrated that high levels of guilt buffer the well-established link between anger and aggression in children, thereby helping them overcome antisocial tendencies.〔Colasante, T., Zuffianò, A., & Malti, T. (2015). Do moral emotions buffer the anger-aggression link in children and adolesents? ''Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 41,'' 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2015.06.001〕 More recently, Malti has advanced her clinical-developmental framework further by integrating biological markers and eye tracking to provide a comprehensive account of children’s emotional responses to peer victimization and exclusion in real time. For example, she and her team have shown that children who anticipate strong feelings of guilt following transgressions of intentional harm exhibit distinct patterns of physiological arousal when imagining themselves as transgressors.〔 Malti, T., Colasante, T., Zuffianò, A., & de Bruine, M. (2015). The physiological correlates of children’s emotions in contexts of moral transgressions. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. Early online publication, 2 November, 2015. 〕 This supports the possible roles of arousal and regulatory functioning in the etiology of guilt and low levels of unprovoked aggression. In addition to her work on the role of emotions in problem behavior and prosocial orientations, Malti and her colleagues have devised new methods to assess children’s and adolescents’ socio-emotional development and detect their socio-emotional strengths in school and community settings.〔Malti, T., Liu, C. H. J., & Noam, G. G. (2010). Holistic assessment in school-based, developmental prevention. ''Journal of Prevention and Intervention in the Community, 38'', 244-259. doi:10.1080/10852352.2010.486306〕 〔Noam, G. G., Malti, T., & Guhn, M. (2012). From clinical-developmental theory to assessment: The Holistic Student Assessment Tool. ''International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 6''(2), 201-213.〕 Lastly, she continues to develop and test intervention strategies based on her recursive socio-emotional developmental theory that aim to reduce aggression and promote social inclusion in childhood and adolescence.〔Malti, T., Chaparro, M. P., Zuffianò, A., & Colasante, T. (in press). School-based interventions to promote empathy in children and adolescents: A developmental analysis. ''Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology''.〕 〔Malti, T., Eisner, M. P., & Ribeaud, D. (2012). Effectiveness of a universal school-based social competence program: The role of child characteristics and economic factors. ''International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 6''(2), 249-259.〕 〔Malti, T., & Dys, S.P. (2015). A developmental perspective on moral emotions. Topoi, 34(2), 453-459.〕 〔Malti, T., Ribeaud, D., & Eisner, M. P. (2011). The effectiveness of two universal preventive interventions to reduce children’s externalizing behavior: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. ''Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40''(5), 677-692. doi:10.1080/15374416.2011.597084〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tina Malti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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